虚拟语气知识点讲解ppt课件

语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气陈述语气祈使语气和虚拟语气不同的语气用动词的不同形式有的还借助句法形式来表示虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实而是一种假设猜测怀疑等在条件从句中或让步状语从句中一是表示说话人的愿望要求命令建议等在宾语从句表语从句同位语从句虚拟语气的概念　一虚拟语气在条件句中If主语动词的过去式动词be用were主语shouldwouldmightcould＋动词原形If主语had过去分词主语＋shouldwouldmightcould＋havedone1If主语动词过去式2If主语wereto动词原形3If主语should动词原形主语＋shouldwouldmightcould＋动词原形 　　虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去相反的假设 与将来相反的假设egIfIhadtimeIwouldattendthemeetingIfhehadhurriedhecouldhavecaughtthetrainIfIweretogoabroadIwouldgotoAmerica如果我是你我就会努力学习．如果我知道他的电话号码我就给他打电话了．如果明天下雨的话我们会取消比赛．IfIwereyouIwouldworkharderatmylessonsIfIhadknownhistelephonenumberIwouldhavecalledhimIfitshouldweretorainwewouldcalloffthematchMorepractice使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点１．　当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时被称为错综时间条件句ldquo动词

的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．IfyouhadfollowedmyadviceyouwouldbebetternowIfyouhadstudiedhardbeforeyouwouldbeacollegestudentnow如果你听我的建议你现在就会痊愈了．如果你努力学习的话你现在就会是大学生了．２．省略句在条件句中可省略if把werehadshould提到句首变为倒装句式．IfIwereatschoolagainIwouldstudyharderWereIatschoolagainIwouldstudyharderIfyouhadcomeearlieryouwouldhavemethimHadyoucomeearlieryouwouldhavemethimIfitshouldraintomorrowwewouldnotgoclimbingShoulditraintomorrowwewouldnotgoclimbing二虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用1用于宾语从句１wish后面的宾语从句中一般用虚拟语气表示一种不可能实现的愿望其谓语动词形式为表现在　过去时表过去　过去完成时表将来　wouldmightcould＋动词原形IwishthatIwereabirdIwishthatIhadseenthefilmlastnightIwishthatIwouldcouldgo2用于表示命令建议要求等一类词后面的宾语从句insistordercommandsuggestadviseproposerequirerequestdemanddesireetcWesuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoffTheyins

istedthattheboyshouldgowiththem注意suggest当表示ldquo暗示表明ldquo讲时insist表示rdquo坚持认为ldquo之意时应用陈述语气ThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourworkThemaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意．那个人坚持说他没有偷钱．在suggestionproposalorderplanadviceidearequest等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用ldquoshould＋动词原形rdquo　should可以省略．2用于表语从句和同位语从句MyideaisthatweshouldthinkitoverbeforeacceptingitMysuggestionthatweshouldhaveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothersWeallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeetingshouldbeputoffA在句型ldquoItisimportantnecessarystrangenaturalthatrdquo中that后面的从句中的谓语动词用should动词原形我们有必要出去散散步Itrsquosnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow2她这样做是很自然的Itrsquosnaturalthatsheshoulddoso3重要的是我们要照顾好病人Itrsquosimportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient3虚拟语

气在在主语从句中B在Itisdemandedsuggestedorderedrequiredhellipthat-clause句型中从句用should动词原型ItisdemandedthatweshouldworkoutaplanC在Itisapityashamenowonderthathellip句型中从句也常用should动词原型Itrsquosapitythatyoushouldmissagoodchance1Itishighabouttimethathellip从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形should不能省略．三虚拟语气在其他从句中Itishightimethatyouwentshouldgotoschool2Ifonly引导的感叹句要是．．．该有多好啊表示现在的情况应用过去式如果是过去的情况应用过去完成时态IfonlyIknewtheanswerIfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday3wouldrather从句　动词用过去式或过去完成时　　IwouldratheryoutoldmethetruthIwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday4asifasthough看起来　常用虚拟形式即表示与现在事实相反用过去式与过去事实相反用过去完成式haddoneHetreatstreatedtheboyasifhewerehisownsonHespeaksspokeasifhehadknownaboutit5evenifeventhough即使　EvenifhewereherehecouldnotsolvetheproblemEvenifIhadbeenbusyth

enIwouldhavehelpedyou四情态动词havedonecouldhavedone本来可以---mighthavedone本来可能---shouldoughttohavedone本来应该做---shouldnrsquotoughtnottohavedone本不该做--你本不应该告诉她真相Youshouldnrsquothavetoldherthetruthneednrsquothavedone本不必做---比较didnrsquotneedtodo没必要做也没有做---我没必要擦窗户我兄弟做了IdidnrsquotneedtocleanthewindowsMybrotherdiditwouldhavedone本来会去做----我没有足够的钱．否则我会买那本书的．IdidnrsquothaveenoughmoneyotherwiseIwouldhaveboughtthatbookChoosethebestanswer Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_____speaktwoforeignlanguagesAcouldbcanCshouldDwould2Hegaveordersthattheexperiment____before530pmAbefinishedBwillfinishCmustbefinished3He_____youmorehelpeventhoughhewasverybusyAmighthavegivenBmightgiveCmayhavegiven4WithouttheleadershipofthePartythere____noNewChinaAwouldbeBhasbeenCsho

uldbeDwasCAAA5HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_____there hadbeennbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspBhasbeennbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspCwasnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspDhasgone6Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____freeAdidsetnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspBhaddoneshouldbesetnbspnbspnbspCshoulddobesetnbspnbspDhaddonemustbeset7Hadyoulistenedtothedoctoryou_____allrightnow arenbspnbspnbspnbspnbspBwerenbspnbspnbspCwouldbenbspnbspnbspDwouldhavebeen8You_____comeearlierThebusleftamomentagonbspAwouldnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspBshouldhavenbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspCmaynbspnbspnbspnbspnbspDhaveBBcA