初中虚拟语气讲解及练习含答案

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现，或实现的可能性不大。一、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(或were)助动词（过去式）+动词原形2.ShouldWould+动词原形couldmightIfhehadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.二.与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If动词原形1.should+动词过去式2.3、wereto+动词原形ShouldWould+动词原形couldmightIfyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudoIfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean.三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If过去分词had+ShouldWould+have+过去分词couldmightIfI'ddnownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法1.省掉if的条件从句结构(倒装）：Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)(=Iftherewerenowater,…)(=Ifyouhadn'thelpedme,…)．3.错综时间条件句。当从句与主句表示的动作或状态发生的时间不一致时，根据需要选择相应时态。，如：Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor'sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.五、虚拟语气的其他用法——此类不分析实际的可能性。1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：suggest,advise,recommend,demand,require,insist,urge,request,order,+that…(should)+动词原形decide,ask,move,prop

ose等注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。Heinsiststhatheisright.2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：imperative,advisable,动词完成式Itis(was)+important,natural,necessary,+that…(should)+essential,strange,等动词原形Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor'sorders.Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.3、wish的用法动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)Iwishthey'dletusgetsomesleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：（1）Wehopetheywillcome,(Wedon'tknowiftheycancome.)（2）Wewishtheycouldcome,(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.)4、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：（1）与现在或将来希望的事用一般过去时（2）与将来事实相反用过去完成时。Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.Iwouldratheryoudidn'ttellhim.，如：不能省略should动词原形，should+It's(high)timethat…+动词过去式或、5．It'stime(that)youhadahaircut.It'shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.四、虚拟语气练习提示

①虚拟语气的练习，先去分析从句。定了从句再去选择主句的形式。②虚拟语气的条件句中，没有一般现在时，现在进行时，现在将来时。(1).IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.A.beB.wasC.wereD.am(2).IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,theyspeakwithFrenchaccents.A.don'tB.willnotC.mustn'tD.wouldn't(3)today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesdayA.WereweleavingB.IfweleaveC.WouldweleaveD.Werewetoleave(4).IfJonetomorrow,whatwouldyoudoA.werenottocomeB.willnotcomeC.wouldnotcomeD.hadnotcome(5).“Shedidn'taskme,soIdidn'thelpher”“Youmeantosay,youwould'vehelpedher”A.ifsheaskedyouB.ifsheweretoaskyousheaskedyouC.wereshetoaskyou(6).Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.Otherwisesomeofthem.A.mighthavediedB.mightdieC.woulddieD.coulddie(7).Iftheyhadknownhim,tohimA.wouldtheyhavetalkedB.wouldtheytalktheytalkedD.theywouldtalk(8).IfIlivedinthecity,Itravelincrowdedbuses,butItoseelotsoffilms.A.shallhaveto/shallbeableB.shallhaveto/amableC.wouldhaveto/wereableD.wouldhaveto/wouldbeable(9).Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifItime.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad(10).Iknowit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having(11).yourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.ButD.Butfor(

12).“WhatdidMrSmithsayabouthiscareer”“Onlythatifheamillionaire,hewouldhavefewerworries.”A.didnotbecomeB.hadnotbecomeC.doesnotbecomeD.hasnotbecome(13).“Whydidn'tyouhelphim”“IwouldhaveIdidn'thavethemoney.”A.stillB.butC.otherwiseD.or(14).“WhoshouldgotoseeLiYingHeisilltoday.”“IsuggestWangHong.”A.goesB.wouldgoC.goD.went(15).Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwetelevisiononweeknights.A.notwatchB.mustnottowatchC.notbewatchingD.havenotwatch(16).Ican'tspeakJapanese,butIdowishI.A.canB.couldC.hadD.speak(17).“Areyouenjoyingyourstayhere'“Yes,verymuch.IwishIhavetoleavesosoon.”A.won'tB.don'tC.mustn'tD.didn't(18).“Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholidays”“Idon'tknow,butit'sabouttimeonsomething.”A.I'mdecidingB.I'lldecideC.IdecidedD.I'ddecided(19).I'dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.sayB.didn'tsayC.don'tsayD.notsay(20).“Whydoyouhavetobethereatsix”“Theteacherdemandsthateveryoneinhisseatatsix.”A.wouldbeB.canbeC.beD.willbe(21).Hemakesanoteoftheassignmentlestheit.A.forgetsB.forgetC.willforgetD.willnotforget(22).“howdoesthelibrarianact”“Heactsasifheawalkingdictionary.”A.wereB.beC.isD.hasbeen(23).Thereisalawtha

tdrunkendriversseverelypunished.A.wereB.areC.beD.willbe(24).IwishyouinterruptwhenI'mtalkingonthephone.A.willnotB.wouldnotC.donotD.didnot(25).Henrytalkstohisdogasifithim.A.understandsB.understoodC.understandD.wouldunderstand(26).Jefflookedasifheaghost.A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wouldsee(27).Givehermybestregards,.A.shouldyouseehertodayB.ifyousawhertodayC.ifyouwouldseehertodayD.shouldyouhaveseenhertoday(28).Therewasasuggestionbytheteachersthatthemeetingpostponedforaweek.A.hadbeenB.wouldbeC.wasD.shouldbe(29).ItishighlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducepollutioninBeijing.A.wasmadeB.bemadeC.willbemadeD.wouldbemade(30).Themanagerwouldratherthathiswifeworkinthesameofficeashedose.A.doesnotB.didnotC.wouldnotD.willnot(31).Theteacherinsistedthatweallbackbytwoo'clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe(32).Ididn'tgotothefootballmatch,butIdowishIthere.A.wentB.wasC.werebeen(33).Itishightimewedrugtrafficking.(贩毒)A.didawaywithB.doawaywithC.didawayD.shoulddoawaywith参考答案（1）C(2)D(3)D(4)A(5)C(6)A(7)A(8)D(9)A(10)C(11)D(12)B(13)B(14)C(15)A(16)B(17)D(18)C(19)B(20)C(21)B(22)A(23)C(24)B(25)B(26)C(27)A(28)D(29)B(30)B(31)A(32)D(33)A